MICROSCOPICAL STUDY ON URINARY CALCULI

Urinary calculi.

IJANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSES of urinary calculi have been done in these laboratories for some twenty years. During this time almost two thousand stones have been examined. In the early days of this period, the only quantitative method available was that of a complete analysis of the inorganic ions and organic compounds present, which was quite difficult and tedious. After the development of t...

Morphological and chemical study of urinary calculi.

Of 50 patients with urinary calculi, upper tract stones were common between 15-44 and lower tract stones between 0-14 and above 44 years of age. Urinary calculi contained calcium, phosphate, oxalate, urate/uric acid, ammonium, magnesium and carbonate. The frequency of occurrence of each of these radicals in sixty stones was 93.33, 83.33, 61.67, 51.67, 25.00 and 13.33% respectively. Five (27.78%...

The urinary sediment beyond light microscopical examination.

In the present issue of NDT, Chan et al. [1] report that the messenger (m) RNA expression of T-bet (a central Th1 transcription factor), interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b and MCP-1 in the urinary sediment of patients with active lupus nephritis decrease with successful immunosuppressive therapy. Importantly, various other cytokine mRNAs, including those of IL-2, -4, -12 an...

Exhibition of Urinary Calculi

The Etiology Of Urinary Calculi